Frankenstein and Monster Essay

In the society we live in, it is apparent that we as humans have a sense of power over all other living species. We have the ability to house-train a cat, teach a dog to guide the blind, or kill a rabid animal if we feel threatened. It is our ability to think and act upon our thoughts after deliberation that allows to us to rein over the animal world. In Frankenstein by Mary Shelley, Shelley examines how being human correlates directly with division of power in society by delineating the physical and emotional interactions between both Frankenstein and the monster throughout the novel. At the start of the book, Shelley depicts Doctor Victor Frankenstein as a human figure who is able to control his creation’s future. However, as time passes, Frankenstein becomes increasingly inhumane and his sanity is threatened along with his ability to dominate the monster’s life. As Frankenstein is losing his sense of humanity and control, the monster is gaining both. Though he starts off a powerless, unrefined brute, as the novel progresses the creature adopts a few human tendencies and gradually gains the ability to control his own creator’s future with his actions. Thus throughout the novel it becomes clear, when each character is in their most human state, they hold the most power over the other. During the two characters’ initial encounter with each other, Shelley depicts Frankenstein as having complete power over the monster’s future. The night Frankenstein â€Å"[beholds] the accomplishment of [his] toils† (43), he describes the moments leading up to the monster’s birth: â€Å"†¦ I collected the instruments of life around me, that I might infuse a spark of being into the lifeless thing that lay at my feet† (43). This single line demonstrates the ultimate power Frankenstein has over his creation at that point in time. He alone has the ability to instill life into the inanimate creature lying before him. In addition, Frankenstein’s elevated cognitive capability, which he has because he is human, allows him to create the monster in the first place. His ability to read, understand, process, and apply knowledge he has learned in the past, as well his capacity to experience emotions such as desire and attachment puts him at a great advantage over the monster who, initially, could not â€Å"learn to distinguish between the operations of [his] various senses† (90). Because Frankenstein is human and has the power of knowledge, he is able to create the monster as well as decide whether it lives or not. Though he has the ability to bring his creature to life, Frankenstein’s unchallenged dominance over his creation is immediately threatened once the monster awakens. As soon as the creature opens his eyes, Frankenstein describes his feelings about the atrocious being. â€Å"I had worked hard for nearly two years, for the sole purpose of infusing life into an inanimate body†(43), he recounts. This instant reaction of abhorrence to the newly living ‘thing’ demonstrates that the monster does have influence on Frankenstein’s emotions and, thus, a minor form of control over the doctor’s being. Though the monster begins to leave an imprint on Frankenstein, it is still evident that Frankenstein has a decisive role on how the monster grows and functions in the world. As the creator, Frankenstein is theoretically obliged to â€Å"owe [the monster] all the portion of happiness that [is] in [his] power to bestow† (135), but he does not fulfill that obligation. Instead, he begins his relationship with the brute with no affection. After dismissing the creature with absolute horror, Frankenstein flees his home trying â€Å"to avoid the wretch whom [he] fear[s] every turning of the street would present† (45). When he eventually returns home, his ‘apartment [is] empty and [his] bedroom [is] also freed from its hideous guest† (45). The actions Frankenstein takes by trying to stay away from his creation demonstrate the hate and lack of humanity he has for the creature. This directly influences the way the monster begins his life in the real world. Had Frankenstein taken care of his ‘child’, the monster may have become acclimatized with society instead of living as a â€Å"hideous monster† (131) or a â€Å"filthy mass that moved and talked† (136). After the monster is abandoned by his creator, he is left to fend for himself. As he adopts human tendencies such as learning to discern his emotions and developing the ability to speak the human language, French, he learns to live life on his own. Not only do the monster’s new-found emotions and ability to communicate make him capable of living alone, but the progression of his rational thinking process also demonstrates his humanness and competence. Before introducing himself to De Lacey’s family, he first thinks of the consequences of an illiterate, dumb monster. â€Å"Although I eagerly longed to discover myself to the cottagers, I ought not to make the attempt until I had first become a master of their language† (101), the monster recounts. This notion of a rational thinking process is unique to humans and necessary to a happy survival. The monster’s new found capabilities prove he can live without his creator and thus, while the monster gains control over his own life, Frankenstein further loses his ability to control the creature, as he is no longer needed for the monster to live. When the monster, fueled by his recently acquired ability to seek revenge, strangles William, Frankenstein’s sanity and humanity begins to crumble and his power over the monster disappears. Frankenstein’s controlled nature deteriorates when he has a gut feeling it is the monster who killed William rather than Justine, as â€Å"nothing in a human shape could have destroyed that fair child† (63). He cannot tell anyone the truth because no one else knows of Frankenstein’s experiment and he is afraid they will think him a mad man. This inability to share his thoughts and feelings causes him to go into a guilty frenzy because he blames the deaths on himself: â€Å"Thus spoke my prophetic soul, as, torn by remorse, horror and despair, I beheld those I loved spend vain sorrow upon the graves of William and Justine, the first hapless victims to my unhallowed arts† (119). This line captures the vulnerability Frankenstein experiences as well as the immense control the monster is gaining over Frankenstein’s emotions. By killing a single person, Shelley shows that the monster is able to distort both Frankenstein’s mental well-being and cause him to go into a mild, inhumane frenzy. As the story progresses, Shelley depicts the gradual deterioration of Frankenstein’s health and loss of power over his creation. The doctor loses complete influence over his monster after he refuses to make a female version of the brute. Before this point, Frankenstein still kept a sliver of control over the creature’s future because if he created the female, the monster would â€Å"go to the vast wilds of South America† and neither Frankenstein â€Å"nor any other human being shall see [them] again† (135). Once Frankenstein destroys his plans for the partner, however, the monster launches into a fit of rage: â€Å"Remember that I have power; you believe yourself miserable, but I can make you so wretched that the light of day will be hateful to you. You are my creator, but I am your master; obey!† (157). It is here that the monster’s fury fueled words illustrate the true nature of the relationship between the creature and his creator; that though Frankenstein initially had the ability to create the monster, the monster grew to be aware of his own superiority. He realized that his physical stature, along with his acquired human-like mental strength, allowed him to control both his own and Frankenstein’s ability to be happy and healthy. Once the monster takes away all of Frankenstein’s happiness by murdering the doctor’s loved ones, Frankenstein loses complete control over himself, becomes entirely inhumane, vowing to murder the monster. The doctor looses all sense of rational thinking and revenge is the only desire that keeps Frankenstein alive throughout the last pages of the novel. He â€Å"dared not die and leave his adversary in being† (192). This notion of solely living for another being establishes the fact that the monster does in fact have ultimate domination over all of his creator’s feelings and actions. As the monster, throughout the duration of the novel, has gained the ability to understand, process, and apply knowledge, he realizes he is the only aspect of his creator’s life that Frankenstein is living for. Thus, the monster has the option to keep Frankenstein alive by leaving a path of bread crumbs for his creator or to let him die with no trace of his creation. Hence, the novel comes full circle. At the start of the book, Frankenstein has the ultimate decision to give life to his creature or to leave him as a jumble of body parts. However by the end, the characters reverse the dominance in the relationship, and it becomes clear that the creature has the ability to keep his creator alive or leave him for death. By detailing the deterioration of Frankenstein’s humanity, while showing the monster’s acquisition of human characteristics, Shelley is able to demonstrate how being human allows for one to have power over another. Being able to rationally process and comprehend information, as well as reason with certain ideas, are unique qualities we as humans possess that put us at an advantage over other species and ultimately put the monster dominance over Frankenstein.

Google Strategic Plan Essay

Abstract The paper aims to examine the strategic plan by Google and the company’s dominance on the internet. The report will leverage my earlier reporting information by synthesizing the information into an informed strategic plan. Scholarly articles and scientific literatures will also be used as a backdrop for the report. The findings from the report indicate that Google is sweeping the world and is currently a threat to Microsoft. The ability to provide relevant searches and link seekers to opportunities gives the company a competitive advantage on the internet. However, there are many companies competing for dominance on the same niche. Nevertheless, Google’s accomplishment is far-flung and long-standing than any other company imaginable. The report will conclude by providing recommendation with regard to Google’s organizational structure and its management systems. Additionally, in the same end, the study will provide informed recommendations for establishing a corpo rate diversification strategy for the company. Google Vision, Mission and Goals Google’s primary mission is to organize information and make it accessible and useful (Google, 2006). The company prides itself in the collection, synthesis, analysis and presentation of a range of information packages. Since 1998 when the company was invented from a minor search engine BackRub in the Silicon Valley, it has grown to serve the needs of the people around the world. Google envisions on becoming the greatest, most reliable source of web information. Through a powerful teamwork and pristine skills in science and technology, Google envisions in pursuing the edge of its expertise to come up with a competitive platform. The platform will be used in the provision of reliable information. Google’s aims to provide the best user experience through emerging technologies and geographies. Finally, the company’s objective is to attain a unique placement in search results focusing exclusively in solving problems and iteration of difficulties (Google, 2006). However, does Google live to the above promises? Is the  company’s overall strategy and operation in line with the advocated values to achieve its mission? Google employs a great team of professionals who are trained and equipped on particular areas on interest (Bamford & West, 2010). The culture at the company favors ability over experience just as stated on the company’s official website. Before a post is published into Google pages, it has to go through a selected span where it is analyzed by experts and potential flaws (plagiarism, authenticity and confidentiality of the information) identified. This requirement means that Google is committed to providing reliable information on the internet even as people grapple to present ideas online. Google’s privacy terms stipulate that keeping the web safe is a shared responsibility. As a result, it welcomes bloggers and site owners to bear responsibility in the provision of information. The Adsense program features a two-week verification process where it scrutinizes blogging information and ensures that provided articles and essays are at par with the recommended levels. What is more, the Google Safety Centre penalizes plagiarized information by giving it low preference in web search placement. Indeed, the company’s legal policy terminates any site that does not adhere to the stipulated provisions and does not use the pattern recognized by Google’s team. From the above initiatives, Google has succeeded in aligning its overall strategy to its mission and goals. Indeed, the company is every day working to improve the patent quality of its software by emphasizing on the need to transform the internet continuously by solving information needs by people (Fox, 2010). Google’s Approach to Creating a Sustainable Competitive Advantage One of the ten things Google knows as true (company’s philosophy https://www.google.com/about/company/philosophy/) is that focusing on the user comes before any other thing. Therefore, the company ensures that every change done will ultimately serve its users. The company takes complete consideration of its visitors whether trying a new interface or tweaking the look of the homepage. What is more, the company fights to ensure that placement in the search engine is never sold to anyone, courtesy of a great team. The effectiveness of this approach is unmatched and especially when it comes to evaluating the customer’s experience. The impact of clients in any organization is at best exclusive and Google offers no chances of compromise to customer service. Another approach by Google in the creation of a  competitive advantage is continued iteration of problems. The company does search and features one of the greatest research groups focused exclusively in solving problems. Because of collective efforts and teamwork, the company is able to realize results and create a competitive advantage over other Search companies in the industry (Levy, 2011). The continuous improvements realized by a committed and talented team increase the effectiveness in serving customers and ensuring that they are retained. The company’s dedication towards improving the search and placement helps the team apply what is learnt in products and services like Google Maps and Gmail. The competitive advantage leveraged by the company ensures that people access and use the ever-expanding information on a daily basis. Google believes that democracy works in the web. The Google search works because it trusts and knows that recognizing the growing need of people’s voice is critical. It, therefore, relies on the million of links and posts on the websites to help determine which contents offer exquisite value. The company assesses each website and link by using approximately 2 00 signals and a range of techniques like the RankPage algorithm (Levy, 2011). The ability to tweak each person’s expectations (a voice on the internet) with a classified technology (algorithm) has given Google a competitive edge in the Search and Placement industry. In the same vein, Google Inc. is open to the development of newer and more improved software because innovation takes place in the collective participation of informed programmers. Hence, Google’s absolute dominance is courtesy of competitive approaches and techniques. One of them believes that democracy on the internet should be acknowledged and respected. After five years in the industry, Google’s experts turned to information that was not readily available. After indexing more HTML pages, the company decided to leverage a unique approach of sourcing non-available information and exploring newer paths. This technique worked because it was a matter of identifying a person’s phone number, address and directory information on the internet. The efforts to integrate newer databases into the search allowed the company to find a breakthrough in the juggernaut that had roped the information age for decades. Over time, the company realized that these efforts required more creativity like; including academic journals, patents, news archives and millions of books and images. The above efforts allowed the company to realize a competitive advantage. While many  companies dwelt in the obvious, Google found opportunities outside the ordinary and brought information across the world (Lynch, 2006). Finally, Google has employed significant efforts and creativity to ensure its position on the web is recognized and maintained. By integrating solution providers to opportunity seekers, the company realizes the potential in connecting people. What is more, the company is every day renewing its organizational structure and business processes to ensure the web is a place for all. The company’s strategy is to ensure the variety and quality of information and services is felt even in the far-flung areas of the globe (Vise & Malseed, 2005). The next part of this report describes Google’s efforts in the corporate strategy. How does the company incorporate strategies like vertical integration, diversification and globalization? What is the effectiveness of these efforts? Google’s Efforts in Corporate Strategy Corporate strategy is a fast-growing component in production. The strategy helps a company to identify loopholes and bridge the gaps through informed decisions (Thomson & Thomson, 2012). Indeed, there exist three distinct corporate strategies; globalization, vertical integration and diversification. Luckily, Google as the web king has incorporated all the three strategies in the provision of accurate and reliable information. But how has this been achieved? I.Vertical Integration Vertical integration is a combination of two or more stages of production by separate company into one company (Thomson & Thomson, 2012). Google has formed a close relationship with Facebook and YouTube. The company holds that the best approach to maximize the value of stakeholders is to maintain a long-term focus on emerging fields on the internet. As a result, the company finds Facebook and YouTube equally powerful in connecting and influencing the web in the modest fashion. Although both platforms are formed at the very foundation of Google, they required trusted identification by people signing in. A Facebook account will demand the yahoo or the Gmail sign-up email, and YouTube is exclusively strict with the Gmail account. The vertical integration between Google and Facebook has established the internet creating a long-term economic gain alongside  serving users and providing relevant information. Google explores areas far from its path of production while at the same time owning the entire operational chain. Although Google relies heavily on Facebook and YouTube, the two platforms are formed under a basic pinnacle of Google. Users have to search ‘Facebook’ and ‘YouTube’ in Google search page to access and use the platforms. This means that Google owns the entire production chain with slight limitations to usage and exploration. II.Diversification Google has invested in a range of assets in efforts to reduce non-systematic risk. When the company launched Gmail, it realized it had more space than any other email software available (Google, 2006). The company had to employ newer teams and techniques to realize even higher standards for email storage. The above efforts have catapulted Google into the attention of a global audience with millions of sign-ups every day. The company has mixed a variety of investments within its portfolio like Google Maps, Books and Images making up a force the world will reckon. The ability to come up with newer options has dealt with the risk of changes retaining a large base of clients and users. What is more, although Google Inc. shares common goals and objectives, the entire team is highly diversified as noted in the culture section ‘we speak diversified languages and come from all parts of the world’. The nature of diversity for the company has created a 360-degree, end-to-end network. Google strives for open culture through diversity by ensuring that its employees recognize and support inclusion of cultures and languages. In its weekly-all hands meetings, the company asks questions and shares opinions and ideas on common problems. Google’s offices and cafes are located everywhere so as to encourage interactions between Googlers and other teams of people (Google, 2006). Diversification is an indispensable component for the corporate strategy. The technique allows any company to stretch beyond bounds and leverage information available outside recognized boundaries. Therefore, Google in its vision and aspiration for the future has leveraged diversification as seen in the above cases improving operational processes and performances. III.Globalization International integration in the exchange of ideas, products, worldviews and other aspects of culture is a critical step of corporate strategy. The  e-commerce platform in Google as evident by online merchants and the Adsense program shows strict adherence to globalization. Google has extended to other parts of the world by allowing everyone across the globe to come up with a blog (Blogspot) and sell merchants online. What is more, Google supports conventionally designed e-commerce platforms like WordPress and Joomla. Google Inc. recognizes that globalization is acknowledging and respecting business innovations and revolutions within the entrepreneurial sphere. Google generates every dollar from advertising sales and has continuously focused on this the market with undivided attention (Yaegar & Sorensen, 2009). Google executives expect that as its presence grows in other countries, the bottom line of the company will follow suit. Luckily, without limiting options to its growth, Google has allowed many other companies to expand entrepreneurially through sales of products. EBay and Amazon are the most common merchandising platforms that offer immense value to shoppers. By connecting these platforms to the wider global community, Google’s commitment to globalization is bespoke. People have to make buying decisions every day, and Google as a company realizes that and gives everyone a chance to write a review or make a purchase for product(s). What is more, it fully supports and acknowledges ecommerce and serves to ensure that the shopping needs and concerns by people are met. Some data on Google’s financial status indicate that it receives less than two-thirds of all income domestically (Wright, 2012). However, these incomes are slated to change dramatically with changing operatio ns globally. This argument supports Google’s corporate strategy plan to globalization. What is more, it creates knowledge and insight about globalization allowing businesses to associate and interact with Google in a competitive fashion. The next part of the report examines recommendation that should be adopted by Google. These are the proposals that will serve to ensure that resources can be better leveraged in the creation of a sustainable and competitive advantage for the company. How Google Resources can be better aligned to create a Competitive Advantage Google should first take advantage of its channel function. What in the search results motivates users the most? For example, the test of Google video as offered by professionals indicated that Google sales grew up to 79% from the year 2006 (Levy, 2011). However over time, the growth rate has been consistent with limited potential for extreme growth  rates. Nowadays, Google videos are not the perfect preference by users but an alternative option (Levy, 2011). Sources like YouTube and Vimeo have taken exclusive control of this important component. Google Inc. should take advantage of its channel function by considering its first approach of verifying videos before display. Uploading of videos in Google should be a comprehensive process. Every person can upload although Google should take exclusive measures to ensure the footages meet recommended standards. What is more, each video should feature its span on the web to ensure out-dated information do not fluff Google. This recommendation supports that having standards ensures quality attracting more users and clients. What is more, Google’s BlogSpot has an excellent performance because Google terminates inappropriate and undercooked blogging platforms. The measures by Google on blogging spheres should be extended to video and footage portfolios. This would serve to ensure that YouTube and Vimeo are the only competitors who can be eliminated gradually through Google’s collected efforts. Early 2009, technicians at Googlepex designed a plan-code titled Project Oxygen. The Business Post at New York Times states that the mission by Googleplex was to design a program that was far more important than Google Inc. and the next search app (Bryant, 2011). Therefore, as the only data-mining giant, Google began to analyze feedback surveys, performance reviews and nominations for top positions at the company. The company correlated phrases, praise, words and complaints. Years later, the plan did not see the light of the day, let along being tested. The New York Times recommends Google to revisit the Project Oxygen plan as advised by its statisticians. The project will be an alternative option for the company in creating a competitive, non-challengeable presence on the internet (Bryant, 2011). Additionally, Google should consider expanding its collection of quality metrics. The acting director at the United States Patent and Trademark office Dr. Focarino recommends the company to come up with a plan that is far much inclusive (Focarino, 2013). The director identifies that the search provides more than enough opportunities for business growth. As a result, he observes that creating a team across the globe, 195 countries, will serve to ensure that the company throws the net far and wide. What is more, expanding the collection of quality metrics will serve to ensure that Google’s resources are better aligned to realize a competitive advantage in the Search Results  and Placements. There is a range of recommendations regarding Google’s dominance on the internet. Forbes states that Google as the powerhouse should initiate projects in technical universities across United States. Other recommendations are dear and near to the hearts of Google executives. There range from performance and operations to organizational structures and management systems. The next part of this study paper examines how organizational structures in Google can be aligned with management systems to realize the above recommendations. What is the relationship between Google’s organizational structures and that of its management system? How can the two be aligned to realize the above proposals? Aligning Google’s Organization with Management Systems to Realize Results The executive level at Google is uniquely positioned for the management of the company. Larry Page is responsible in leading the company’s technological strategy and developing products (Google, 2006). The executive chairman Eric Schmidt cuts the image of an executive with loyal adherence to the company from its yester years as a startup in the Silicon Valley. The list trickles down to the co-founder Sergey, Senior Vice President Brummond, Financial Officer Patrick Pichette and others like Craig Barrat, Alan Eustache, Rachel Whestone and Salar Camangnar for senior positions. The powerful executive structure means that the above recommendations like the development of Project Oxygen and creation of quality metrics can be met. Aligning organization structures with management systems involves identifying skills and pristine technology talent in people and allocating them roles in the company (Fox, 2010). The management should value talent over experience in efforts to realize a long-term goal for Google Inc. The above recommendations can be met if the company sources the exquisite talent in specified fields and supports their decisions with regard to changes and innovations. With the notion that success stems from risk, the company should bear risks and ensure that the desired expertise in management is identified and leveraged to solve common goals and meet emerging needs. Many have recommended reasons for Google’s success and some view it in complete admiration. Therefore, this means that the company is at the pinnacle of attention and adulation by any metric that you choose. The company should work to maintain the past and current success by identifying opportunities for growth as recommended. The organizational structure should ensure that  powerful programs (Project Oxygen and Expansion of Quality metrics) are realized with the right company culture. As the world of technology takes unprecedented twists and turns, the organizational executive should strive to predict the changes by recognizing talent. What is more, the working atmosphere should be designed to improve both the quality and variety of services. Recommendations for Google’s Diversification Strategy Google as a growing platform faces many opportunities for establishing a corporate diversity. However, it is equally imperative to note that any extension should be limited within the ability and scope of the company. The company should consider limiting their services to targeted audiences with no limitation to race, cultures and ethnicity. The only determining mantra should be that of usage and quality regardless of nations and divisions. What is more, Google should consider establishing itself in other areas such as commerce in software and development (Bamford, 2010). Monitoring strategic development and planning in other areas must involve contingency just in case of competitive threats. Offering support in software and development business will position the company uniquely because of it proven success. What is more, emerging companies will leverage their services because they recognize Google as a classic backdrop to exquisite technology. Google should revisit its current init iatives. The customer service and support team at the Company are exclusively automated. This means that customers who express claims are not put into direct contact with experts. Rather, they are given responses by automated systems. Although this is effective in dealing with bulky issues at the customer service desk, it falls short of quality. The WordPress community help is a classic model of what Google should consider. The community at WordPress allows experts and professionals to create profiles and offer help on behalf of the company. WordPress as a company offers incentives to ensure that the voice of customers is felt and needs addressed in the desired fashion. Google should therefore consider the above models to uphold quality in customer service and eliminate frustrations faced by automated responses. Every need and concern by clients is unique. Google diversification strategy is a close topic for this report. The approaches used by the company like those of inclusion and cultural diversity are the best imaginable. Nevertheless, they  are open to judgment. Psychologists argue that differences in backgrounds and cultures limit performances and especially if the shared goals serve the interest of many (Lynch, 2006). Google’s objective is to provide universal information and make it accessible and fulfilling. However, the foundation of the information is subject to values as advocated by varying cultures. For example, a post in Google might support why pork is the best meal for given occasions and circumstances. A Muslim professional at Google might fail to uphold and award the post’s argument although it is his best interest to serve the Company. This is just but one conflicting idea faced by the Google diversification strategy. Conclusion The report has successfully explored Google’s mission, values and goals. The study has gone further to describe Google’s approach in sustainable competition and corporate strategy. What is more, the essay has documented the effectiveness of the efforts by Google in corporate strategy in areas like vertical integration, globalization and diversification. It was within the best interest of the paper to project recommendations regarding the alignment of Google’s organizational structure with that of its management system. What is more, the study offered knowledge on the company’s senior level and their functions in the execution of strategic management. Finally, the report navigated across business areas where Google should establish itself and sections that need to be revisited. The above observation and analysis as supported by scholarly articles and scientific literatures surmises the report adding knowledge and insight into Google Inc. References Bamford, C. E., & West, P. G. (2010). Strategy: Sustainable advantage and performance. Canada: South Western Cengage Learning Bryant, A. (2011). Google’s Quest to Build a Better Deal. Business Day. New York Times. Retrieved From http://www.nytimes.com/2011/03/13/business/13hire.html?pagewanted=all&_r=0 Focarino, A. N (2013). Comments of Google Inc with Regard to Draft Operational Plan for 2014 – 2018 Fox, V. (2010). Marketing in the age of Google: A non-technical guide to search engine strategy. Hoboken, N.J: John Wiley & Sons. Google (2006). 10 Things We Know to be True. Google Inc. Retrieved From https://www.google.com/about/company/philosophy/ Levy, S. (2011). In the plex: How Google thinks, works, and shapes our lives. New York: Simon & Schuster. Lynch, R. L. (2006). Corporate strategy. Harlow, England: FT/Prentice Hall. Stross, R. E. (2008). Planet Google: One company’s audacious plan to organize everything we know. New York: Free Press. Thompson, A. A., & Thompson, A. A. (2012). Crafting and executing strategy: The quest for competitive advantage: concepts and cases. New York: McGraw-Hill/Irwin. Vise, D. A., & Malseed, M. (2005). The Google story. New York: Delacorte Press. Wright, S. (2012). Competitive intelligence, analysis and strategy: Creating organizational agility. London: Routledge. Yaeger, T. F., & Sorensen, P. F. (2009). Strategic organization development: Managing change for success. Charlotte, N.C: Information Age Pub.

Cultural studies Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 3000 words

Cultural studies - Essay Example One of these television shows is Bravo TV’s Queer Eye for the Straight Guy. Since its inception in 2003, the show has rapidly gained popularity worldwide. This is clearly evidenced by the many spin-offs of the show that have been produced in various countries around the world. Since the show has been said to break down anti-homosexual stereotypes, it is vital to review and analyze the show based on certain elements. How does the show represent homosexuality? Does it suppress or support homosexuality in today’s modern age? What meaning does the show give to gay lifestyle? In this paper, a discourse analysis of the show Queer Eye for the Straight Guy will be undertaken to provide answers to the aforementioned questions. The discussion will focus on how the show depicts homosexuality in society. Likewise, the methodology involved in collection, coding, and analysis of the data involved will be discussed. In order to gather the necessary data for the discourse analysis to be undertaken, 5 episodes of the television show Queer Eye for the Straight Guy were viewed. While watching the said shows, certain elements were closely observed to determine how homosexuality was represented. Notable elements that were closely looked at were the manner by which the â€Å"straight† guy would interact with the â€Å"Fab five.† This included words, actions, and reactions towards the actions and words of the five gay guys. It was also of great significance to focus on what each gay character does in the show. Through the observation and analysis of such details, this study will aim to achieve a synthesis of the show’s representation of homosexuality. In turn, this study will provide a glimpse of how homosexuality is depicted in media particularly in reality television shows. Queer Eye for the Straight Guy is described as follows: â€Å"Queer Eye for the Straight Guy is a

Analyze a character of your choosing from any of the short stories we Essay

Analyze a character of your choosing from any of the short stories we have read and explain how that character illustrates a theme. (I picked the narrator from the cathedral by Raymond carver) - Essay Example Despite the fact that his wife has remained a friend to the blind man, Robert, for the last ten years, they have not met since then, and the narrator does not like the fact that Robert is visiting his wife after he lost his wife. Therefore, he is uncomfortable receiving the blind man in his house, and thus goes on to say, â€Å"a blind man in my house was not something I looked forward to† (Carver, 209). The narrator does not seem to appreciate what the friendship means to his wife, and he does not care about what the friend ship means to the blind man, who has just lost his wife. Thus, the narrator comes out as a person who only cares about his own feelings, in total disregard of what the others feel. In a further show of meanness, the narrator does not appreciate the fact that it was Robert who had assisted his wife in a suicide attempt after she got divorced from her former husband (Halpert, 44). Instead, the narrator seems to be concerned with the fact that Robert is part of his wife’s past, and consequently he becomes jealous. The narrator comes out as a person who is completely insensitive to the plight of other people. In fact, he narrates that his perception of a blind man is that from the movies, where they are neither found to be happy nor to laugh, while their movement is slow. The narrator says â€Å"My idea of blindness came from the movies† (Carver, 209). This indicates that he has never been concerned about people who have such disabilities, and in fact, the only time he becomes aware of them is through the movies. Making such statements in relation to a blind person with disability is really a display of insensitivity (Amir, 38). Further, instead of appreciating that the blind man is a capable man who has been able to bring up and keep a family until he lost his wife, the narrator feels pity for the wife of the blind

Vaclav Havel and Image of Moral Leadership Essay

Vaclav Havel and Image of Moral Leadership - Essay Example Vaclav Havel an Image of Moral Leadership What one person or culture regards as immoral could be moral in a different setting. The subject of morality has received a lot of attention over a long period of time. Theologians and philosophers alike have been at work explain the determinants of morality in man. Vaclav Havel will be the main focus of this essay as we seek to establish the fundamentals of moral leadership. Description Vaclav Havel, may he rest in peace, was born in 1936 in Prague. He came from a prominent entrepreneurial family who owned an entertainment company and numerous housing complexes. Havel was a celebrated playwright in Czechoslovakia, way before the country became the Czech Republic. He became a prominent writer in the 1960s, with a majority of his works focusing on absurd political regime of the time. His articles focused on the rampant violations of human rights in Czechoslovakia. He openly criticized the authoritarian rule of the time which included such acts as censorship and human rights infringeme nt. In addition to being a playwright, Havel was also a nonconformist to the authoritarian rule, which he explicitly defied. He was a man of great courage amidst all the terror, violence and human rights abuses of the 20th century, in his country and beyond. His involvement in politics came in 1989 after the fall of the communist system, when he became the informal leader of government opposition. Havel’s concern for morality in the way Czechoslovakia was governed ultimately led his election as the president Czechoslovakia in 1990. Following the split of Czechoslovakia into Slovakia and the Czech Republic, Havel became the first president-elect of the Czech Republic. By the time Havel left office in 2003, he had made an everlasting mark on true democracy. Throughout his theatre and dissidence life and reign as president, Havel exhibited exemplary moral leadership qualities that earned him international recognition. Analysis Even before joining politics, Havel was a strong adv ocate for fair treatment of the people of Czechoslovakia. During his days as a playwright, he wrote articles and one time wrote a letter addressed to a top government official, to relent on the contravention of human rights. As a dissident he, in collaboration with others such as Jan Patocka founded Charter 77, a human rights movement. Seeing the way the powerful subjugated the ordinary citizens made Havel write one of his greatest works â€Å"the Power of the Powerless†. Here, he was telling the leaders of the time that the people had power to dislodge them from office, without resorting to violence. He claimed that Czechoslovakia had become a country governed by morally bankrupt people out to subjugate the citizens. He urged the citizens to do what is morally right; instead of turning violent against the regime, they should continue with their activities like nothing was wrong. Knowing very well that Czechoslovakians were â€Å"living within a lie†, he did not advise them to use violence against the oppressive regime. Havel saw violence as an unethical resolve that would only rationalize the tyrannical government’s actions. For example, any foreigner in Czechoslovakia was required by law to register with the police on where they were living. The enforcement of this law however, was not easy for the authorities. The law was finally repealed after Czechoslovakians refused to abide by the ridiculous law, and would not register their guests. This was the power of the powerless that Havel

Human resource Assignment Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words - 3

Human resource - Assignment Example along with sharp observations and strategic management decisions, their loyal and skilled workforce is one of the reasons behind their success. With a fleet of airplanes at their service and a multinational and lean workforce Emirates is able to employ labor cost and fleet cost economies and lower their overhead (El Namaki, 2007). The airline’s continued performance and profitability for the last 24 years has enabled them to pursue a strategy of rapid expansion and growth in recent years. The Emirates Group has posted a net profit of AED 2.3 billion ($629 million) for the 2011-12 annual year, with revenues growing by 14.9 per cent when compared to the 2010-11 financial year (Graphic Ghana, 2012). In the same year the group acquired around 22 new aircrafts to grow their transport services. A very important part of their business is the crew and staff that manages their services and Emirates has developed a long term strategy with selecting, recruiting and training the best fit employees for the Emirates culture. The official website provides transparent information about their recruitment procedures. Taking advantage of the global talent pool, The Cabin Crew recruitment team regularly travels to over 60 countries to select the best people for the organization.   Ã¢â‚¬Å"Global Information Open Days†Ã‚  and  Ã¢â‚¬Å"Global Assessment Centres†Ã‚  are currently scheduled at various international destinations to streamline the process. These events are conducted to allow aspiring pilots and technicians (along with other staff) to connect with the company, after initial short list, interviews are conducted - assessment centers are used and in some cases psychometrics tests are required (Emirates Group, 2012). They provide an extensive training for their pilots of upto four years including foundation stage of airline flying, practical training in Spain and Dubai and training with commercial planes for 6-9 months before getting their air transport pilot’s license. The extensive recruitment and training process cuts down on employee turnover and performance is up to the standards required by the airline. In 2012 Emirates increased its overall staff count by more than 10 per cent. The group employs a total of 63,000 multicultural workforce from 160 countries. (Graphic Ghana, 2012)Adel Al Redha, Executive Vice-President, the Department of Engineering and Operations, Emirates Group, said ‘the company has a strategic plan for recruitment in the coming years, in conjunction with the expansion." (Staff, 2011). As well as international recruits, the group plans to invest in cultivating local talent from the Emirates. At present Emirati pilots, engineers and technicians from about 12 per cent of the airline's staff, but with an expected 8,500 more jobs opening in the organization- hiring close to home will let Emirates help the community and increase the job base for the nationals. For the group, the external recruitment strategy is in line with their mission to become a global air transport service provider. The ‘Open’ business model they follow (Annual Report, 2010-11) which favors open sky policies and liberalization in the aviation industry to foster health competition as different

Great Depression in America Coursework Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2000 words

Great Depression in America - Coursework Example The basic cause of the Great Depression was a drop in aggregate demand, which led to a decrease in output as producers as well as merchandisers observed an unplanned increase in inventories. The sources of the reduction in spending differed during the course of the Depression, however, they cumulated into a massive drop in aggregate demand. During the Depression itself, different factions gave explanations regarding the catastrophe that goes contentedly with their personal interests. The Hoover management held global fiscal forces responsible and sought to â€Å"stabilize world currencies and debt structures†. ‘New Dealers’, aimed at finding a domestic solution to the catastrophe, said that the Depression was a calamity of ‘under-utilization’, that low earnings and high costs had made it extremely complicated to acquire the commodities of the industrial financial system; and that a shortage of demand had caused the financial slump.One of the earliest significant post-war explanations came was given by economists ‘Milton Friedman’ and ‘Anna Schwartz’, in their ‘Monetary History of the United States (1963)’. They argued about what has identified as the ‘economic interpretation’. Hey claimed that Great Depression was caused by a ‘radical contraction of the currency’ (Rothbard, 2011, p. 103). This argument goes well with the ideas that Milton Friedman has supported for several years.

If you were a legislator in the New York State Legislature, would you Essay - 1

If you were a legislator in the New York State Legislature, would you vote to uphold or repeal this latest tax increase Why - Essay Example The NY excise tax increase is now considered the highest excise tax imposed by a state on cigarettes and tobaccos (NCSL 2010 p. 2). Opponents of the tax increase argue that it is inherently regressive because it affects the ‘have-nots’ more than it does the ‘haves.’ Furthermore, these increases are said to be defeating their purpose, which is to raise revenues, because they can drive away potential customers who may altogether quit smoking or who may use backdoor sources to obtain their fix. On the other hand, proponents of the tax measure, specifically the legislators, contend that it will help keep New York sustain and maintain its health care programs (Confessore 2010). The biggest argument, however, for the measure comes from health advocates and researchers who are extolling the tax increase as a vehicle for compelling smokers to quit the habit and ultimately saving more lives. If I were a member of the New York Legislature, I too, would have supported and voted for the passage of the latest round of excise tax increases on cigarettes and tobacco because it will ultimately redound to the good and welfare of the public. First, it is good for the public health because of the possibility of reducing smoking prevalence especially of the young, who are unwilling or unable to shoulder the rising cost of the habit, and; second, if it could not compel a significant number of smokers to quit, then the government will get to achieve its purpose of raising revenues to fund its health-related programs. That smoking is deadly not only to the person smoking but also to the people around him is already an established fact. This is evinced by the 1998 Tobacco Master Settlement Agreement (MAS) where top tobacco and cigarette producers agreed to compensate, in perpetuity, billions of dollars to a considerable number of states for the costs expended by the latter in the care of individuals suffering from smoking-related illnesses (A Broken Promise to our

The comperison of BNY Mellon and Barclay's bank Research Paper

The comperison of BNY Mellon and Barclay's bank - Research Paper Example 3 Introduction 4 Strengths and Weaknesses of the banks 4 Profitability of the bank over a span of 5 years 5 Mission and vision of the banks 6 Bank’s Financial Position 8 Projected Profitability of the banks 9 Conclusion 11 The above paper held a comparison between the financial states of BNY Mellon and Barclay’s bank with an aim of examining the extent to which each of them could withstand the brunt of the financial crisis and the way that they are prepared in meeting any such crises in future. The paper tried to assess their profitability and financial positions and found the degree of resilience of Barclay’s to be far higher than that of BNY Mellon. However, as far as their investment in assets are concerned, that of BNY Mellon is found to be in a better position than that of its peer. 11 References 11 Abstract The present paper aims at examining the financial positions of two leading banks namely, BNY Mellon and Barclay’s Plc through a close investigati on of their respective financial ratios. Moreover, the paper targets at evaluating the strengths and weaknesses as well as the mission and vision of both banks. ... Both banks faced the brunt of the crisis which was reflected in their respective key financial ratios. The crisis had mainly been the outcome of poorly framed monetary policies which implemented a fall in the rate of interest initially and followed it by a sudden hike in the same. This fickle mindedness took a toll over the financial state of the economy and exposed the frail fundamentals of many of its financial houses. However, the intrinsic strength of many of them were also displayed which prevented these institutions from being fully victimized by the crisis. The present paper tries to draw a comparison between the features which characterize Bank of New York Mellon (BK) and Barclays Bank (BCLYF) on the basis of their respective financial figures over the last 5 years (2006-2010). A close examination into the historical key ratio values can possibly deduce the errors committed and precision adhered to by these banks, which determined the degree of their sustenance. Moreover, it also attempts to figure out the profitability of these banks provided fluctuations in the Fed rate. As the view portrayed by any organization is highly important while assessing its strengths and weaknesses, they too would be inspected though the format of the entire paper will be of a comparative nature. Strengths and Weaknesses of the banks Bank of New York Mellon Total assets of the bank used to consist mostly of fixed assets rather than current assets initially although this factor had been improving over time, implying that the bank’s liquidity position is improving over time. Moreover, the bank’s assets in comparison to its total liabilities are also improving over time. Its increasing reliability on equity financing is also remarkable which promises of the

Healthcare Managment Essay Example for Free

Healthcare Managment Essay What is healthcare management? Let’s sum it up to get a better sense of all what partakes in it, as well of doing it in an effective way. Simply put is the overseeing of all the healthcare facilities. Most likely patient encounter is not so likely, unless there is a means to speak or deal with a situation directly with patient. Healthcare relates to insurance companies, organization, and hospitals. It can get a little difficult because there are so many roles such ass, human resources, equipment, and scheduling . Being in this field is quite diverse, due to the many fields. Four Functions * As I mentioned before having this role you must be effective, in doing so there are functions that need to be set and used on a day to day basis. The first is â€Å"organizing†, which to have organization is wonderful and keeps things running smoothly. What does this consist of simply understanding your staff and helping them with their staff by assigning them with their own and last but not least support. When employees have this to fall back on it helps in many ways for the organization. Second, â€Å"planning† you can never go wrong if you plan right and plan ahead. There are objectives that need to completed, which requires decision to be made. It gives an overview of what is expected and gives better insight for all. Third, â€Å"controlling† it is not necessarily what may come to mind at first. Managers have an obligation to always we on top of things, therefore in order for this to be done being involved with the performance of the team must come into pl ay. This allows management to be able to focus on what needs to be done whether good or bad. In turn it gives an overview of how things our running. Fourth, â€Å"leading† I see as not trying to be someone’s boss/manager it is someone who builds you up for success. I can say myself that putting all four functions to work together every work day probably is not so easy. No manager is perfect, the most important thing is that you try to incorporate all in some fashion and with that things should be effective. Having children myself I feel that I am a manager with everything to go with all wrapped up in one. I am needed to make my household run in functional way. If there were no guidelines and leadership it would all come tumbling down. What Do I Want to Gain? * Learning how to be more diversified and in the professional healthcare world. I feel very strongly about this because my most absolute goal is to become a healthcare manager and I know that there is an overwhelming increases in diversity now days. Since knowing this and seeing I first hand I would like to make sure that when I become a manager for a facilities I can uphold the standard and respect for all people. This is not only for the staff, but for the patient’s sake as well. Having the knowledge and to be able to teach other and implement it within. References Lombardi, D. N., Schermerhorn, J. R. (2007). Health care management: Tools and techniques for managing in a health care environment. Hoboken, NJ: John Wiley Sons. Sherman, C. (1999). Raising management standards in American healthcare. Healthcare Executive, 14(2), 12-7. Retrieved from http://search.proquest.com/docview/200287995?accountid=35812 Wallick, W. G., Stager, K. J. (2002). Healthcare managers roles, competencies, and outputs in organizational performance improvement / practitioner response. Journal of Healthcare Management, 47(6), 390-401; discussion 401-2. Retrieved from http://search.proquest.com/docview/206729167?accountid=35812

PSO Based Algorithm for Optimal PMU Placement in KPTC

PSO Based Algorithm for Optimal PMU Placement in KPTC A PSO Based Cluster Formation Algorithm for Optimal PMU Placement in KPTCL First A. Author, Designation, Organization, Second B. Author, and Third C. Author, Jr., Designation, Organization Abstract— Power system state estimation with the exclusive deployment of synchronous phasor measurements demands that the system must be completely observable with PMUs only. Direct measurement of phase angles of current and voltage phasors are now possible by Phasor Measurement Units (PMUs). To have lesser number of PMUs, the placement problem in any network is considered as an optimization problem. This paper presents a Particle Swarm Optimization (PSO) based cluster formation algorithm for optimal PMU placement. The proposed algorithm clusters the buses into many sub groups and the maximum connectivity bus is selected as the header bus. The PMU is placed on the header bus to manage the connected buses for complete system observability. This paper analyses the proposed algorithm for the following three cases: Without PMU loss, With single PMU loss, and Zero Injection Bus. The simulation results for IEEE bus and the KPTCL bus systems are presented and compared with the existing approaches. The proposed results show that the method is simple to implement and provide the accurate PMU placement. Index Terms— IEEE Bus, Karnataka Power Transmission Corporation Limited (KPTCL), Optimal PMU Placement, Particle Swarm Optimization (PSO), Phasor Measurement Units (PMUs), and Power System State Estimation I. Introduction Power utilities are facing numerous threats of security of operation due to the over stressed power network in the today’s competitive power market scenario. Phasor Measurement Unit (PMU) is an evaluating device which is used to measure the current and voltage. It uses the Global Positioning System (GPS) pulse to facilitate the synchronized measurements of real time phasors of currents and voltage. A power system is said to be recognizable when voltage phasors at all the buses are known. According to Ohm’s Law, if a PMU is placed at the bus, then the neighboring buses also become observable. Obviously, when PMUs are placed at all the buses of the network, and the measurements for all the PMUs are communicated to the control units, then the voltage phasors at all the buses would be known. This approach can change the traditional estimation to state measurement. PMUs are already installed in several utilities for various applications around the world such as state estimat ion, adaptive protection and system protection schemes. Other application fields include stability monitoring, Wide Area Monitoring and Control (WAMC) and efficient system utilization. In the traditional power systems, the buses are monitored using the conventional measurements from voltage and current transformers and the data are forwarded to the Energy Management System (EMS) through the Supervisory Control and Data Acquisition (SCADA) system. It collects the real time measurements from the Remote Terminal Units (RTUs) placed in substations. This approaches are not able to monitor all the measurements across a wide area power system because the data are not time-synchronized [1]. PMUs are an essential part of smart grids and hence the rate of PMU installations are increasing. In the emerging technology, the major issue need to be addressed is the placement of PMUs, which is influenced by the anticipated system applications. The major factor limiting the number of PMU installations are their cost and the communication facilities. Hence, the cost and communication constraints of PMUs have been motivated the researchers to identify the minimal PMU installation for the anticipated applications. Placing PMUs on all buses of the power system results a complete observability of the system. Since, a bus is observed if a PMU is placed on it or some of its neighboring buses, it is neither economical nor necessary to carry put such installations. As a consequence, a problem called Optimal PMU Placement (OPP) problem has been occurs. The aim of this paper is to identify the optimal number of PMUs to make the KPTCL topologically observable. Here, a PSO based Clustering Algorithm is proposed to cluster the buses. The header bus is selected based on the maximum connectivity among the buses. The header bus is placed with the PMU to monitor the other connected buses. The PMU placement strategy confirms the system observability during the normal working conditions and also the single PMU failures. The proposed method is found to be simple, fast and accurate in computation. The proposed method is applied on IEEE-6, IEEE-7, IEEE-9, IEEE-14, IEEE-30 bus systems and KPTCL power maps for 28 bus, 127 bus and 155 bus systems to verify the proposed algorithm performance. The remaining part of the paper is organized as follows: Section II involves the works related to the existing algorithms for optimal PMU placement problem. Section III involves the description of the proposed PSO based cluster formation algorithm for optimal PMU placement. Section IV involves the performance analysis of the proposed work. The paper is concluded in Section V. II. Related Works With the number of PMUs estimated for installation in the near future, both the utilities and researchers are looking for the optimal solutions to their placement. The solutions for the optimal PMU placement problem can be classified into two types: mathematical and heuristic algorithms. Some of the existing works related to the optimal PMU placements are discussed. Integer programming is a mathematical programming approach for solving an optimization problem having integer design variables. Singh introduced an integer programming based methodology for the optimal placement of PMU. It reduces the cost of installation and facilitate the entire power system observability. The zero injection buses concept was used to further reduce the number of PMUs. Integer programming helps to provide multiple results if the neighboring buses to zero injection buses were not handled properly. The best results was selected based on the [2]. Fan and Watson proposed a multi-channel PMU placement problem and their solution. Here, a close relationship among the PMU placement problem and the classic combinatorial problem were identified [3]. Roy et al proposed an optimal PMU placement approach for power system observability. Here, a three stage optimal PMU placement method was formulated based on network connectivity information. Stage 1 and stage 2 of the algorithm iteratively estimate the less important bus locations to eliminate the PMUs and estimates where the PMUs were retained. The last stage reduces the number of PMUs using the pruning operation. The optimal set of PMU locations were obtained for network observability [4]. Manousakis and Korres designed a weighted least squares algorithm for optimal PMU placement. A quadratic minimization problem with continuous decision factors were formulated subject to the nonlinear observability constraints. The optimal solution was obtained by an unconstrained nonlinear weighted least squares method [5]. Mahari and Seyedi proposed a Binary Imperialistic Competition Algorithm (BICA) for optimal PMU placement. The zero injection bus was considered for all investigations to obta in the suitable answers. In addition to the traditional rules, new rule was also generated. It helps to reduce the number of PMUs placement [6]. Tai et al proposed a Random Component Outages (RCO) for optimal PMU placement for power system estimation. The optimal locations were chosen to reduce the state estimation and error covariance [7]. Sodhi et al presented an optimal PMU placement method for complete topological and numerical observability of power system. A two stage PMU placement approach was proposed. Stage 1 identifies the minimum number of PMUs to make the system topologically observable. Stage 2 was proposed to identify if the resulted PMU placement yields to a full ranked measurement Jacobian. A sequential elimination algorithm was proposed to identify the optimal locations of additional PMUs [8]. An Exhaustive search is an optimization technique which systematically enumerates all possible candidates for the solution. It chosen the candidate which satisfy the constraints at the optimum objective function value. It guaranteed the finding of the global optimum but it was not suitable for large scale systems with h uge search space. Azizi et al proposed an optimal PMU placement by an equivalent linear formulation for exhaustive search. The state estimation was implemented based on the complete linear placement [9]. Fei et al [10] discussed an optimal PMU placement based on the limited exhaustive approach. An approximately optimal PMU placement (AOPP) was established in order to identify the searching space. AOPP was deterministically retrieved by detailed power system state observability analysis. The notion of bus neighbor was defined to derive the searching space of limited exhaustive approach. The heuristic algorithms applied for optimal placements are Genetic algorithm, Tabu Search, Simulated Annealing, Differential Evolution, Particle Swarm Optimization (PSO), Immune Algorithm, Iterated Local Search (ILS), Spanning Tree Search (STS), Greedy Algorithm, Recursive Security N Algorithm, Decision Tree and Practical Heuristic Algorithm. Hajian et al introduced an optimal PMUs placement to maintain the network observability using a modified BPSO algorithm. An optimal measurement set was estimated to obtain the full network observability during normal conditions. After any PMU loss or single trans mission line outage, the derived scheme in normal condition was modified. Observability analysis was carried out based on topological observability rules. A new rule was added to minimize the number of PMUs for complete system observability. A modified BPSO algorithm was used as an optimization tool to get the minimal number of PMUs and their corresponding locations [11]. Sharma and Tyagi designed an optimal PMU placement approach based on Binary Particle Swarm Optimization (BPSO) with the conventional measurements. Quadratic programming was used in BPSO algorithm. A method for pseudo observability was introduced for depth one and depth two with and without zero injection measurements. It was tested on IEEE-7, IEEE-14, IEEE-30 and IEEE-57 bus system using BPSO technique [12]. Peng et al formulated a multi objective optimal PMU placement using a non-dominated sorting differential evolution algorithm. It is an organic integration of Pareto non-dominated sorting operation and the differential evolution algorithm. It enhances the individual crowding mechanism and mutual mechanism [13]. El-Zonkoly et al proposed an Improved Tabu Search (ITS) for complete observability and out of step prediction. The system was based on numerical observability and artificial intelligence. ITS was used to identify the optimal placement for the PMU to keep the system complete ly observable. A Predictive Out of Step (OOS) algorithm was proposed based on the observation of the voltage phase difference among the substations [14]. Aminifar et al formulated an optimal PMU placement based on probabilistic cost or benefit analysis. The reduction of system risk cost was recognized as the benefit linked with the development of wide area measurement system [15]. Das et al designed a simulation of wide area measurement system with optimal phasor measurement unit location. These measurements were generally taken for every 4 to 10 seconds offering a steady state view of the power system behavior. It was implemented on IEEE six bus system [16]. Jamuna and Swarup proposed a multi-objective biogeography based optimization for optimal PMU placement. Here, the concurrent optimization of the two conflicting objectives like minimization of the number of PMUs and maximization of the measurement redundancy were performed. The Pareto optimal solution was obtained based on the non-dominated sorting and crowding distance. The compromised solution was selected based on the fuzzy based mechanism from the Pareto optimal solution [17]. Ghosh et al made a reliability analysis of GIS aided optimal PMU location for smart operation. It investigate the impact of topological attributes on commissioning PMUs. Reliability was ensured through various PMU connectivity c onfiguration [18]. Peppanen et al proposed an optimal PMU placement with binary PSO [19]. Abiri et al introduced an optimal PMU placement method for complete topological observability of power system. A revised formulation for the optimal placement problem of the kinds of PMUs was presented [20]. III. PSO Based Cluster Formation For Optimal PMU Placement Power system observability is essential for identifying the real time monitoring and state estimation of the system. PMUs enable advanced solutions to existing utility problems and provide power system engineers a whole range of potential benefits: Accurate estimation of the power system state can be obtained at frequent intervals, Permitting dynamic phenomena to be observed from a chief location and suitable control actions are taken. Post disturbance analysis will be much improved for the PMU placement problem, which is obtained with the precise pictures of the system states through GPS synchronization. This section proposed a PSO based Optimal PMU Placement in power systems. The objective of this method is to provide the optimal placement of PMUs, which can make the system observable and to maximize the measurement redundancy of the system. Fig.1 shows the flow of the proposed method. Initially, the bus system is taken and each bus is considered as a node. Each node connectivity is updated in the binary table. Here, we are considering the following three cases: Without PMU Loss With PMU Loss Zero Injections A. Particle Swarm Optimization Based Cluster Formation for Optimal PMU Placement PSO is an optimization algorithm which facilitates a population based search procedure in which individual are termed as particles. Here, the PSO algorithm is used to cluster the buses for optimal PMU placement. Each particle contains a PMU placement configuration for a power system. It represents that each particle is constructed by binary dimensions, such that each bus of the power system has a dimension which indicates the existence of a PMU in that bus, it is equal to 1, otherwise 0. Algorithm 1: PSO based Cluster Formation Input: Connectivity details of the given bus system 1: Create binary table for the given buses as For i = 1 to number of bus For j = 1 to number of bus If bus (i) connect to bus (j) Matrix element represent as 1 Else Matrix element represent as 0 End If End For End For 2: D= Sum (f(x)) 3: L = max (d) 4: Calculate the bus connection for Lth bus and place PMU on that bus 5: Update the binary table by eliminating the bus from binary table 6: Initialize particles 7: Position of particles = ‘x’ and ‘y’ coordinating points of bus location. 8: Velocity = random (number of buses) 9: Check fitness for given position by using objective function. 10: Minimum (F_Position) 11: 12: Position = Position + Velocity 13: For k = 1 to iteration If Present_fitness < Last_fitness Update fitness value End If Update velocity and position. End For 14: Find maximum (fitness_value), mf = max (fitness) 15: Place PMU on that bus. 16: Update binary table by eliminating the bus from binary table. 17: Loop to Step 6 until binary table gets empty. 18: If the PMU placed at only one bus, Check the nearest bus and made connection between them and update cluster. 19: End If The proposed algorithm is applied on the three cases for optimal PMU placement. B. Case 1: Without PMU Loss In this case, the zero injection and the flow measurement are ignored. To formulate the constraint set, the binary connectivity matric is formed whose entries are defined in the following equation: (1) The matrix can be directly calculated from the bus admittance matrix by converting the entries in the binary form. Consider the six bus system The binary table B is defined as (2) The constraints for this case is, (3) From the binary table, identify the maximum connectivity among the buses. The table shows the maximum connectivity is occurred in bus 3. Hence, bus 2, 3, 4, 5, and 6 are eliminated from the binary table. Then, the binary table can be updated as, (4) After performing the PSO based clustering algorithm, the PMU is placed on bus 1 and bus 3, which is shown in fig.3. C. Case 2: With loss of PMU It is considered as each bus is observable by single PMU and these PMUs are placed by the proposed clustering algorithm. Hence, the placement of PMUs are highly reliable but, if any disturbance occurred in power system or due to maintenance purpose any of the PMUs places is out from the system. If any of the PMU is disconnected, then some of the buses are connected to that PMUs are not remain observable. In order to overcome such unexpected PMU failures, a strategy is considered for single PMU loss. It can be achieved if all the buses are observed by at least two PMUs. These are operated as two sets, Primary set Backup set If suppose the PMU from primary set is not working properly, then the backup set will take the responsibility to observe the buses. To obtain the couple of PMUs, the constraint and objective function will remain same by only modifying the change in matrix f. In this case, the elements of f is equal to 2 instead of 1. It is defined as follows: (5) This case place the PMU for monitoring the single bus by two PMUs. Other than the objective function, the steps are same. The new constraint function can be constructed as follows: (6) D. Case 3: Zero Injection Zero injection buses are the buses from that no current is passed into the system. Zero injection correspond to the transferring nodes in the system. If zero injection buses are also designed in the PMU placement problem, the entire number of PMUs are further minimized. Consider the following example for zero injection on six bus system where bus 2 is considered as the zero injection bus. Now, the constraint for zero injection bus can be written as follows, (7) From the above equation, it is identified that the bus 3 has maximum connectivity. Hence, PMU is placed on the bus for entire system observability. IV. Performance Analysis To evaluate the performance of the proposed method, the optimal placement of PMU problem is solved for IEEE standard bus system and KPTCL 220 and 400 kV power systems. The KPTCL power buses are shown in fig.6. The results of the proposed method for IEEE bus system is illustrated in table 2. Here, IEEE-6 bus, IEEE-7 bus, IEEE-9 bus, IEEE-14 bus, and IEEE-30 bus system are considered for evaluation. Table 2 provides results for the three cases of IEEE bus systems. We collect the data from the KPTCL 220 and 400 kV power system. Here, the PMU placement is obtained only for the case 1 (without PMU loss). Hence, we proposed an algorithm to obtain the PMU placement, which suits for all the three cases (with loss, without loss, zero injection bus). Table 3 provides the total number of PMU placement collected from the KPTCL. Whereas table 4 provides the proposed result for the given power system. The proposed method results for 28 bus, 127 bus and 155 bus system in all the three cases. V. Conclusion and Future Work In this paper, a PSO based cluster formation algorithm is proposed to solve the optimal PMU placement problem.

Gcse English Poetry: Auden compared with Calrke Essay example -- Engli

Gcse English Poetry: Auden compared with Calrke GCSE ENGLISH POETRY The two poems that I will be analysing are ‘Stop all the Clocks’ by W.H. Auden and ‘The Vet’ by Gillian Clarke. My discussion will be based on the theme of the poems and look at how the poets used form and language to help his readers understand and make meaning out of the poem. STOP ALL THE CLOCKS THEME The theme of this poem is about grief. The poet takes his readers through a simple but complex journey that explains the different stages of grief that a person feels when a loved one dies. The poem reveals the emotional upheaval that death can cause. The grief felt is carefully illustrated by the poet in the form and language he uses throughout the poem which has a strict rhyming scheme of AABB throughout the 4 stanzas. FORM AND LANGUAGE The form and language that was used by the poet to describe the feeling and mood of the bereaved was spread throughout. The first stanza simply showed the first stage of grief and that the bereaved is coming to terms with the death of a loved one. For example, he said ‘stop all the clocks’ which signified that he wanted to focus on what had just happened and does not want to forget his love as people do over a period of time. Again he said, ‘cut off the telephone’ meaning he wanted to be alone without communicating to anyone. This is because she wanted to concentrate and grieve on the death of his loved one without people offering their condolences. Then the last line of the stanza, he said, ‘bring out the coffin†¦Ã¢â‚¬â„¢ which suggests that he wanted to start making funeral plans. In the second stanza he wanted to let everyone know that his loved one has died and he mentioned in the fir... ...tcher by saying â€Å"no inter-uterine butchery† because he uses scalpel just as the butcher uses sharp blades to cut open animals when performing on them. The poet compares the Vet to a butcher in the verse because just as the butcher, the Vet uses a scalpel to cut open the cow and bring out the calf and the child basically cannot differentiate between a Vet and a Butcher The last verse is all about the birth of the calf. At this stage the Vet finally brings out the calf from its mother’s womb. The poet describes the cow as a ‘brimming mother’ in the last line of the stanza comparing the female cow to a human mother. This is because when the calf is born the mother cow shows the calf a lot of love and emotion just as the human mother when they give birth to a child. This makes this particular birth more to a human birth and the calf appear more to a child.

Will The Global Economy Help Or Hurt The Next Generation Of Americans?

Will the Global Economy Help or Hurt The Next Generation of Americans? Will the global economy help or hurt the next generation of Americans? This is the question I am going to investigate in this paper. The global economy is the system pertaining to the production, distribution and consumption of goods and services around the globe. It is important that we understand the global economy because it is and will be affecting the way we learn, work and live. How all of these factors are affected will be discussed in the following paper. I take the position that the global economy will hurt the next generation of Americans. One argument for this position is that our schools are not adequately preparing out students for the types of new work that will be required in the next generation. American schools are using teaching techniques that taught existed in the 1950's. Textbooks date back to the early 1970's. Requirements may have changed but our reaching techniques have not. Every year, students take the same courses with the same prerequisite: A good memory. True, they are teaching classes that are essential to get into a good college but are they teaching the skills that our future generation will need? Are students going to be able to problem solve? Are today's students going to be able to access tomorrow's information? Our schools teach American students to be good at memorization. To be able to spit out recorded information. "You do have the knowledge but you are basically robots with skin; machines, tape recorders that teachers use to record their information. At the end of a chapter, they rewind you and press the 'play' button to see if you can repeat everything they said."1 Also, our schools are not stressing the importance of math and science. Because of this fact, foreign born workers such as engineers are taking over the jobs American workers could have. Our students need to be truly smart because memorized skills can only go so far. Grades cannot always determine the real skills of the students. Anybody can receive a diploma but what do these grades really mean? Not much unless a student can apply their memorized skills for the new way of work. "Just possibly we have a surplus of graduates and a scarcity of real skills."2 The improvement of o... ...t as earnings plunge. Mothers are going to have to work longer hours if the family is going to have it's old standard of living."25 This means that people are going to have to work twice as hard for the same quality of living. This also means a constant upgrading of skills necessary for peak job performance. "Important efforts should be better education and a committed and constant upgrading of skills. Our future is a more educated one rather than a cheaper one. Technological revolutions in the past have consistently led to gains in production, commerce, employment and living standards."26 Yet if workers don't improve their skills and constantly upgrade them, shrinking the gap between man and machine, this revolution will be detrimental to the welfare of our workers, their families and most importantly the global economy. Despite all the information on how the global economy will hurt the next generation of Americans, there are also ways in which it will help the next generation. My objection to my original position; that is the global economy will hurt the next generation of Americans is that it will instead help them due to the new ag

Anarchy: Political Ideals To A Symbol Of Unconformity :: essays research papers fc

Anarchy: Political Ideals To A Symbol Of Uncoformity â€Å"Anarchism, then really stands for the liberation of human mind from the domination of religion, The liberation of the human body from the domination of property, Liberation from the shackles and restraints of government†#-Emma Golman. During the late 1800’s urbanization began to inflict the cities and the industrial revolution began resulting in governments gaining more and more power. â€Å"The state is authority; its force†#-Mikhail Bakunin. As the governments grew it was believed the state was more concerned with its growing power rather than the interests of the people. A group known as the anarchist believed that the government should be abolished and then the people would be free to live co-operatively with full social and political. Anarchy began as a political philosophy and soon turned in to an all out revolution resulting in assignations, bombings and kidnappings spanning over the better part of the past century. During the 1970’s and 1980à ¢â‚¬â„¢s, anarchy started to become more of a fashion trend if you will, rather than a political philosophy. â€Å"I Wanna Be Anarchy†-Sex Pistols. The Punk movement in music during the late 70’s was first to wide spread expose the public to anarchy and anarchist ideals. Followers of punk and punk music usually didn’t have the tendency to look of the proper meaning of anarchy, but since Johnny Rotten was saying it, it was cool. Today if you take a look at the public wither you are in a public school or a shopping mall, you can see teenagers with anarchy symbols on their shirts, pants, back packs and even drawn on their sneakers in an attempt to look what the public calls â€Å"hardcore†. â€Å"Anarchism is the sprit of the youth against out worn traditions†-Mikhail Bakunin, this would prove to be all too true in this new era of â€Å"anarchism†. This paper will further outline how anarchy started out as a political philosophy and turned in t o a symbol of unconformity.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Anarchism can be defined as a political philosophy and social movement designed to destroy the government in hopes of creating a society based on voluntary co-operation of free individuals. In 1840 Pierre-Joseph Proudhon, a peaceful anarchist, published his controversial pamphlet titled â€Å"What Is Property†. Proudhon clamed that violence and crime was not caused by individuals but instead by the government. He believed that police and laws forced humans to live in an unnatural state of oppression and equality, according to Proudhon the ownership of property was the main root of all equality.

Data set

A sample is a subset or portion of a population. Sample should represent the population with fewer but sufficient number of items. One Population can have several samples with different sizes. A small portion or part taken from something whether it's a particular race, inhabitants, data, or items to show or to be the representative of the whole. Its significance to statistics are fairly similar to its original meaning. It is a slice of all of its characteristics. In researching and gatherings info it would be costly and very impractical to work on the whole rather than just a sampling of the whole. A New York newspaper reported the average gasoline prices in four metropolitan areas and used a bar chart to illustrate the differences. What type of statistics was shown? What activities did the newspaper use to make the report? I believed that descriptive statistics are shown in this example. This is used to describe basic features of the data in a study. They provide simple summaries ab out the sample and the measures. Together with simple graphics analysis, they form the basis of virtually every quantitative analysis of data.The statistics shown in this example were collecting data, margining the data, and presenting the data. This helps us to simplify large amounts of data in a sensible way by reducing large amounts of data. This is important to allow your data to be understood in a short period of time. 3. Research a management or marketing article/news/publication that writes about a topic founded on the use of statistics. Evaluate the information according to the following questions and directions. Determine whether the existing information is adequate or additional information is required to support the topic.In the article that I found the information is adequate and no additional Is the presentation of statistics misleading in the context of the topic? The article was to the point and the context was not misleading to the topic. Was statistics used only as numerical information or the framework for decision-making? The statistics were more of the frame work for decision making. By giving all the statistical data on preparing and strategy plan. Allowing the ability to utilize the statistical data. Ramekin, introduced to articulate discussions of sense-making, knowledge management and organizational learning, has much to offer discussion of statistical inference and decision analysis. I explore its value, particularly in its ability to help recognize which analytic and modeling methodologies are most likely to offer appropriate support in a given context. The framework also offers a further perspective on the relationship between scenario thinking and decision analysis in supporting decision makers. Was the information summarized in a useful and informative manner?The information was summarized in a useful and informative manner. It was well placed and gave more than enough information on the subject. We show that social scientists ofte n do not take full advantage of the information available in their statistical results and thus missed opportunities to present quantities that could shed the greatest light on their research questions. In this article we suggest an approach, built on the technique of statistical simulation, to extract the currently overlooked information and present it in a reader-friendly manner.More specifically, we show how to convert the raw results of any statistical procedure into expressions that conveys numerically precise estimates of the quantities of greatest substantive interest, and include reasonable measures of uncertainty about those estimates, and squired little specialized knowledge to understand. Analyze and draw your own observations/inferences/conclusions about the information presented based on information you have learned from this module. The statistical technique uses outlined below are very powerful analysis tools but they require a good statistical sample to be effective. These analysis techniques are not generally attempted on data sets with less than 20 wells. Statistically based water saturations give an interpretation of the apparent fluid content of a formation independent of Raw, ‘m' and volume of shale. An apparent total water saturation is derived as well as an apparent irreducible water saturation. This is a very powerful analysis tool but requires a good statistical sample of both wet and hydrocarbon bearing intervals to be most successful. This analysis is not generally attempted on data sets with less than 20 wells.PART II: CASE STUDY The topic that best catches my interest is E-Business and Wealth. Business conducted online is steadily growing as more companies are creating an online presence, while many new companies are popping up fully online. These e-businesses, like all business, must decide the best ways to generate wealth and value within their given parameters, namely the Internet, as opposed to physical dealings. And can i nvolve the ways that e-businesses generate wealth and value and how those ways differ from traditional businesses before the Internet boom.It can suggest whether or not e- businesses have any advantages or disadvantages and then suggest whether or not businesses without an Internet presence should make one. Surveying both large and small businesses from around the world will help this thesis earner an international, well-rounded perspective. Descriptive statistics aim to describe the prominent features within a collection of data quantitatively. It summarizes a collection of data as a description rather than using the data to learn about the field in which the data represents.Generally, descriptive statistics are always used, even when the main conclusions from the data's analysis are gained by use of inferential statistics. Inferential statistics is the given title of a process of gaining knowledge from a set of data that are subject to random change or variation. Such data sets wo uld render a descriptive statistic meaningless as the data changes in an unpredictable way. Therefore no knowledge would be gained about the subject that the data represents. The outcome to such a statistical method may be a prediction that can then be used to ensure practical action to be taken.I never before had really thought about statistics and really didn't know how important it was for businesses. Statistics is a branch of applied mathematics that collects and organizes data to interpret and predict future behavior or results. Almost every business uses statistics, including insurance, consumer products, retail, heuristically and even the federal government. Statistics are important for a number of reasons and can be used for various purposes. Research can be used to make decisions for marketing or financial allocations or deciding whether to consolidate or close the business.Gathering and analyzing the data to reach concrete conclusions about the current and future condition s that your business will face is paramount. Critical decisions need to be based on research because of the impact these decisions have on other people and other businesses. The government uses statistics to measure ongoing economic indicators that greatly affect business and industry. Companies can use statistics to measure market share and market potential, the percent of the market they hold in dollars, and the total amount of dollars and units sold in their industries.Statistics are a core component of marketing research techniques. Companies use marketing research agencies to conduct quantitative research with consumers to evaluate new and existing products. Statistics help companies develop sales forecasts one, two and even five years into the future. Companies can then modify or improve their products, ire additional sales reps and put the necessary resources in place to meet these targets. Sales forecasting statistics are also a useful tool in business and marketing plan dev elopment.Statistics help companies develop sales forecasts one, two and even five years into the future. Companies can then modify or improve their products, hire additional sales reps and put the necessary resources in place to meet these targets. Most all Of mankind's endeavors have a random factor. Statistics is a way of putting numbers to that randomness. Business and research statistics is relevant to most areas of he business world. Statistics is important to business analysis in the fields of manufacturing, agriculture, pharmaceuticals, retail and in many others.Statistics can point out relationships. A careful review of data can reveal links between two variables, such as specific sales offers and changes in revenue or dissatisfied customers and products purchased. Statistics provide the means to measure and control production processes to minimize variations, which lead to error or waste, and ensure consistency throughout the process. This saves money by reducing the materi als used to make or remake reduces, as well as materials lost to overage and scrap, plus the cost of honoring warranties due to shipping defective products.

Formulate and implementation of research question following agreed procedures and to specifications Essay

How can Ferrero attract more customers to its brand therefore increasing its market share in Shanghai? Reason to choose this working titleï ¼Å¡ China’s economic development and social openness is growing, and larger imports of goods from abroad. Rising income levels and growing interest for western products have been driving chocolate confectionery demand in the last decades. With double-digit growth year after year, the market offers huge opportunities for development but also requires foreign companies the implementation of consistent marketing strategies and proper targeting to meet local consumers buying patterns. As for Ferrero, there are already many chocolate brands in China market, such as Dove and Mï ¼â€ M. So, it is really important to ensure the present strategy of Ferrero is appropriate for China market, and the methods of how to attract more customers. In order to appeal to more customers by enhancing Ferrero’s market sale in China becomes the mainly concept in my research. Background of Ferrero History of Ferrero In 1946, Pietro Ferrero invented a cream of hazelnuts and cocoa, derived from Gianduja and to be spread on bread, and called it Pasta Gianduja. Ferrero created the new company to produce and market it. Later on his sons became joint chief executives. Michele Ferrero modified his father’s recipe to produce Nutella, which was first sold in 1964 and has become popular around the world. The company places great emphasis on secrecy, reportedly to guard against industrial espionage. It has never held a press conference and does not allow media visits to its plants. Ferrero’s products are made with machines designed by an in-house engineering department. Products In addition to Nutella, Ferrero produces many other products, including Ferrero Rocher, Pocket Coffee, Mon Chà ©ri, Giotto, Confetteria Raffaello coconut cream candy, Hanuta chocolate hazelnut-filled wafers, the Kinder line of products, as well as the Tic Tac breath mints. Ferrero also produces the Kinder product series and The company received an innovation award for the frozen products called â€Å"Gran Soleil† in March 2011. The main background and related research content Ferrero is an Italian manufacturer of chocolate and other confectionery products. It was founded by confectioner Pietro Ferrero in 1946 in Alba, Piedmont, Italy. Reputation Institute’s 2009 survey ranks Ferrero as the most reputable company in the world. Ferrero is a private company owned by the Ferrero family and has been described as â€Å"one of the world’s most secretive firms†. The Ferrero Group worldwide – now headed by CEO Giovanni Ferrero – includes 38 trading companies, 18 factories and approximately 21,500 employees. Ferrero International SA’s headquarters is in Luxembourg. Its German factory is the largest of all and Pasquale Giorgio is its current CEO. High quality, crafted precision, product freshness, careful selection of the finest raw materials, respect and consideration for customers: these are Ferrero’s â€Å"key words† and values which have helped make its confectionery well-known and loved by millions of cons umers all over the world. And I will focus on how to attract consumers through the advantages of products for Ferrero in the competitive market. Purpose The aim of this essay is to conduct a market research to explore the opportunities that Ferrero can still exploit in the chocolate market in China. Moreover, the objective of my tentative research will be listed as follows. Theories and marketing concepts are used to analysis the Chinese consuming behavior, which plays a very important role in shaping the market of chocolate. Environment has to offer in relation to the features and the objectives of the company analyzed, the research focuses on the marketing strategy adopted by Ferrero in China. The evolution of its marketing approach is studied into details, in order to highlight what are the key success factors for Ferrero. Ferrero’s marketing tools, data collected from  the survey and a case study are applied to develop viable marketing strategies that aim to take full advantage of a market that offers considerable resources still unexplored by the company. Findings reveal that the possibilities for Ferrero to expand in t he market of chocolate for self-consumption in China are enormous. According to these, this essay is going to analysis the SWOT and PEST of Ferrero. And find out how Ferrero takes into consideration local consumers’ needs and wants in the formation of the marketing mix of its products. Scope Ferrero is an international company, and Corporation engages in a diverse range of businesses, so I just research the Ferrero’s market sale in China chocolate market. I will find out a theoretical review regarding the implementation of a complete and sound market analysis, executed through the application of theoretical models, information and data collected from appropriate and academic research and surveys conducted on the field. Besides, I am going to gather information from outside through questionnaire format to investigate local customers in two weeks. Not only hand out questionnaires to the public in the open, but also distribute them by e-mail or website. And I will interview some marketing personnel who worked in hypermarkets to perfect the information resources. Theoretical framework For the part of theoretical framework, SWOT and PEST will full-scale propose about advantage and disadvantage of Ferrero’s market sale in China. a) SWOT S: 1. Brand advantage: being the first company to introduce chocolate in the country soon after its reopening to the outside world, Ferrero succeeded in establishing its chocolate as a luxurious and exotic product. 2. Marketing benefit: do not have joint venture enterprises and manufacturers in China. Make the decision more flexible with fewer risks. 3. Source of origin in Europe: the country of origin is Italy. 4. Technological superiority: possesses of more than 60 years’ experience and advanced craft technology of making chocolate. 5. Quality advantage: regardless of cost, has always been sticking to the best natural raw material, including hazelnut, cocoa, and  coffee beans. W: 1. Sales disadvantage: there is no production factory in China, so it carries many time-consuming in the transport. 2. The price is too expensive. 3. Without some sort of specific policies: compared with China’s domestic brands of chocolate, Ferrero lack of government policies to protect its market sale. 4. The lack of brand management: copies are full of Chinese market. For example, intellectual property rights cases of Montresor (zhangjiagang) food co. Ltd. O: 1. The chocolate market in China has great development potential: Rising income levels and growing interest for western products have been driving chocolate confectionery demand in the last decades, the China chocolate market offers huge opportunities for development. 2. For competitors: for example, Leconte did not set up the premium brand image. And it is a opportunity for Ferrero. T: There are too much competitors in the chocolate high-end market; Ferrero has only a limited presence in China’s marketplace, which is 2.32%. b) PEST Political: China’s entry into the WTO, international trade and further strengthening of internal and external communication become more and more. Also it is the main reason that Ferrero can enter the Chinese market. Italy is in the European Union: In recent years, China trades more with the EU than any other partner. The products of Ferrero certified by SGS, food safety certification, IOS and GMP Economic: There is an expanding market in China for chocolate Cost-conscious Increasing of average Chinese income Social-cultural: Chinese customers become more health conscious Chocolate shows how people’s physical and cultural lives are changing Have been retained by Ferrero loyalty Technology: Strengthen the development of new tastes Continuous improvement in terms of chocolate preservation Growth of internet use to increase demand for online and mobile phone shopping Conclusion (size 14) (Insert conclusion text here – size 12) Recommendations (size 14) (Insert recommendations here in BULLET POINT FORMAT – size 12) List of references – Harvard References (size 16) (List references here in Harvard format – size 12) (If you are having problems with referencing – see your lecturer for guidance)